Coastal waters, often found on sandy or muddy bottoms.
Distribution
Found in the western Indian Ocean, particularly around Madagascar and the Seychelles.
Conservation status
Least Concern
Edibility
Its meat is edible and it is taken in some fisheries, but this Vulnerable ray should not be sought for consumption. Avoid purchasing or consuming it where species origin cannot be verified.
Culinary quality / 5
3
Danger level
Caution
Usual observation depth
1–60 m
Behaviour
Generally solitary, it rests on the bottom during the day and is more active at night. It may gather in small groups at feeding or resting sites. It is usually calm but may defend itself with its venomous caudal spine if threatened.
Observation zones
Reef, reef slope, lagoon, pass, sand and coral rubble bottoms; occasionally deeper habitats of outer reefs.
Diet
Feeds mainly on bottom-dwelling fish, crustaceans, and mollusks.
Reproduction
Ovoviviparous
Identification marks
Very large stingray with a robust body, with a broadly rounded to oval disc. The upper surface is pale grey to brown, covered with numerous irregular dark spots; the tail is relatively short and thick, with broad dark and light bands toward its base.
Similar species
May be confused with other large Indo-Pacific stingrays, notably the leopard whipray or honeycomb ray (Himantura uarnak). The spotted fan-tailed stingray is particularly robust, has a broadly rounded disc, irregular spots rather than a regular honeycomb pattern, and a short, thick, banded tail.
Approach rules
Observe it calmly from the side at a respectful distance; do not block its path or position yourself directly above it. Never touch, corner, ride, feed, or provoke it. Stay clear of the tail and stinger, avoid using flash at close range, and do not disturb resting individuals.
Protection
Assessed as Vulnerable globally on the IUCN Red List. Declines are linked to targeted catches and bycatch; avoid disturbing it and support the responsible release of accidentally caught rays. It is not listed in the CITES appendices.
